Croatian Speech to Text

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Croatian is a South Slavic language and the official language of Croatia. It belongs to the Western subgroup of South Slavic languages and is mutually intelligible with Serbian and Bosnian, though it has its own standardized grammar, vocabulary, and spelling conventions.

History and Origins

Croatian evolved from the Shtokavian dialect, specifically its Ijekavian variant. Over time, it developed distinct linguistic norms shaped by historical influences from Latin, German, Hungarian, and Italian. The modern standard form was codified in the 19th and 20th centuries, especially during the Illyrian movement, which aimed to unify and formalize South Slavic languages.

Geographic Distribution

Croatian is spoken in:

• Croatia (official language)

• Bosnia and Herzegovina (widely used by Croats)

• Serbia (notably in Vojvodina)

• Montenegro

• Diaspora communities in Europe, North America, South America, and Australia

Number of Speakers

Croatian has approximately 5–6 million speakers worldwide.

Linguistic Features

• Based on the Ijekavian Shtokavian dialect

• Uses the Latin alphabet with 30 letters

• Highly inflected grammar with seven cases

• Clear phonetic spelling principles

• Rich vocabulary with influences from neighboring cultures and historical languages

Writing System

Croatian exclusively uses the Latin script, standardized by the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (HAZU) and regulated through established orthographic norms.

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